DOCX2PDF
将DOCX文档转化为PDF是中常种DX转项目中常见的需求之一，目前主流的方法方法可以分为两大类，一类是中常种DX转利用各种Office应用进行转换，譬如Microsoft Office、方法WPS以及LiberOffice，中常种DX转另一种是方法利用各种语言提供的对于Office文档读取的接口(譬如Apache POI)然后使用专门的PDFGenerator库，譬如IText进行PDF构建。中常种DX转总的方法来说，从样式上利用Office应用可以保证较好的亿华云中常种DX转样式，不过相对而言效率会比较低。方法其中Microsoft Office涉及版权，中常种DX转不可轻易使用(笔者所在公司就被抓包了)，方法WPS目前使用比较广泛，中常种DX转不过存在超链接截断问题，方法即超过256个字符的中常种DX转超链接会被截断，LiberOffice的样式排版相对比较随意。而利用POI接口进行读取与生成的方式性能较好，适用于对于格式要求不是很高的情况。另外还有一些封装好的在线工具或者命令行工具，服务器托管譬如docx2pdf与OfficeToPDF。
MicroSoft Office
本部分的核心代码如下，全部代码参考这里:
private ActiveXComponent oleComponent = null; private Dispatch activeDoc = null; private final static String APP_ID = "Word.Application"; // Constants that map onto Words WdSaveOptions enumeration and that // may be passed to the close(int) method public static final int DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES = 0; public static final int PROMPT_TO_SAVE_CHANGES = -2; public static final int SAVE_CHANGES = -1; // These constant values determine whether or not tha application // instance will be displyed on the users screen or not. public static final boolean VISIBLE = true; public static final boolean HIDDEN = false; /** * Create a new instance of the JacobWordSearch class using the following * parameters. * * @param visibility A primitive boolean whose value will determine whether * or not the Word application will be visible to the user. Pass true * to display Word, false otherwise. */ public OfficeConverter(boolean visibility) { this.oleComponent = new ActiveXComponent(OfficeConverter.APP_ID); this.oleComponent.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(visibility)); } /** * Open ana existing Word document. * * @param docName An instance of the String class that encapsulates the * path to and name of a valid Word file. Note that there are a few * limitations applying to the format of this String; it must specify * the absolute path to the file and it must not use the single forward * slash to specify the path separator. */ public void openDoc(String docName) { Dispatch disp = null; Variant var = null; // First get a Dispatch object referencing the Documents collection - for // collections, think of ArrayLists of objects. var = Dispatch.get(this.oleComponent, "Documents"); disp = var.getDispatch(); // Now call the Open method on the Documents collection Dispatch object // to both open the file and add it to the collection. It would be possible // to open a series of files and access each from the Documents collection // but for this example, it is simpler to store a reference to the // active document in a private instance variable. var = Dispatch.call(disp, "Open", docName); this.activeDoc = var.getDispatch(); } /** * There is more than one way to convert the document into PDF format, you * can either explicitly use a FileConvertor object or call the * ExportAsFixedFormat method on the active document. This method opts for * the latter and calls the ExportAsFixedFormat method passing the name * of the file along with the integer value of 17. This value maps onto one * of Words constants called wdExportFormatPDF and causes the application * to convert the file into PDF format. If you wanted to do so, for testing * purposes, you could add another value to the args array, a Boolean value * of true. This would open the newly converted document automatically. * * @param filename */ public void publishAsPDF(String filename) { // The code to expoort as a PDF is 17 //Object args = new Object{ filename, new Integer(17), new Boolean(true)}; Object args = new Object { filename, new Integer(17) } ; Dispatch.call(this.activeDoc, "ExportAsFixedFormat", args); } /** * Called to close the active document. Note that this method simply * calls the overloaded closeDoc(int) method passing the value 0 which * instructs Word to close the document and discard any changes that may * have been made since the document was opened or edited. */ public void closeDoc() { this.closeDoc(JacobWordSearch.DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES); } /** * Called to close the active document. It is possible with this overloaded * version of the close() method to specify what should happen if the user * has made changes to the document that have not been saved. There are three * possible value defined by the following manifest constants; * DO_NOT_SAVE_CHANGES - Close the document and discard any changes * the user may have made. * PROMPT_TO_SAVE_CHANGES - Display a prompt to the user asking them * how to proceed. * SAVE_CHANGES - Save the changes the user has made to the document. * * @param saveOption A primitive integer whose value indicates how the close * operation should proceed if the user has made changes to the active * document. Note that no checks are made on the value passed to * this argument. */ public void closeDoc(int saveOption) { Object args = { new Integer(saveOption)}; Dispatch.call(this.activeDoc, "Close", args); } /** * Called once processing has completed in order to close down the instance * of Word. */ public void quit() { Dispatch.call(this.oleComponent, "Quit"); } WPS
Java调用WPS或pdfcreator的com接口实现doc转pdf
本文的核心代码如下，完整代码查看这里:
@Override public boolean convert(String word, String pdf) { File pdfFile = new File(pdf); File wordFile = new File(word); boolean convertSuccessfully = false; ActiveXComponent wps = null; ActiveXComponent doc = null; try { wps = new ActiveXComponent("KWPS.Application"); // Dispatch docs = wps.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch(); // Dispatch d = Dispatch.call(docs, "Open", wordFile.getAbsolutePath(), false, true).toDispatch(); // Dispatch.call(d, "SaveAs", pdfFile.getAbsolutePath(), 17); // Dispatch.call(d, "Close", false); doc = wps.invokeGetComponent("Documents") .invokeGetComponent("Open", new Variant(wordFile.getAbsolutePath())); try { doc.invoke("SaveAs", new Variant(new File("C:\\Users\\lotuc\\Documents\\mmm.pdf").getAbsolutePath()), new Variant(17)); convertSuccessfully = true; } catch (Exception e) { logger.warning("生成PDF失败"); e.printStackTrace(); } File saveAsFile = new File("C:\\Users\\lotuc\\Documents\\saveasfile.doc"); try { doc.invoke("SaveAs", saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath()); logger.info("成功另存为" + saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath()); } catch (Exception e) { logger.info("另存为" + saveAsFile.getAbsolutePath() + "失败"); e.printStackTrace(); } } finally { if (doc == null) { logger.info("打开文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath() + " 失败"); } else { try { logger.info("释放文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath()); doc.invoke("Close"); doc.safeRelease(); } catch (Exception e1) { logger.info("释放文件 " + wordFile.getAbsolutePath() + " 失败"); } } if (wps == null) { logger.info("加载 WPS 控件失败"); } else { try { logger.info("释放 WPS 控件"); wps.invoke("Quit"); wps.safeRelease(); } catch (Exception e1) { logger.info("释放 WPS 控件失败"); } } } return convertSuccessfully; } LiberOffice
Convert Microsoft Word to PDF - using Java and LibreOffice (UNO API)
LiberOffice本身提供了一个命令行工具进行转换，在你安装好了LiberOffice之后
/usr/local/bin/soffice --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export /Users/lotuc/Downloads/test.doc 如果有打开的libreoffice实例, 要穿入env选项指定一个工作目录
/usr/local/bin/soffice "-env:UserInstallation=file:///tmp/LibreOffice_Conversion_abc" --convert-to pdf:writer_pdf_Export /Users/lotuc/Downloads/test.doc 首先我们需要安装好LiberOffice，然后将依赖的Jar包添加到classpath中:I
Install Libre Office Create a Java project in your favorite editor and add these to your class path: [Libre Office Dir]/URE/java/juh.jar [Libre Office Dir]/URE/java/jurt.jar [Libre Office Dir]/URE/java/ridl.jar [Libre Office Dir]/program/classes/unoil.jar 然后我们需要启动一个LiberOffice进程:
import java.util.Date; import java.io.File; import com.sun.star.beans.PropertyValue; import com.sun.star.comp.helper.Bootstrap; import com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader; import com.sun.star.frame.XDesktop; import com.sun.star.frame.XStorable; import com.sun.star.lang.XComponent; import com.sun.star.lang.XMultiComponentFactory; import com.sun.star.text.XTextDocument; import com.sun.star.uno.UnoRuntime; import com.sun.star.uno.XComponentContext; import com.sun.star.util.XReplaceDescriptor; import com.sun.star.util.XReplaceable; public class MailMergeExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // Initialise XComponentContext xContext = Bootstrap.bootstrap(); XMultiComponentFactory xMCF = xContext.getServiceManager(); Object oDesktop = xMCF.createInstanceWithContext( "com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", xContext); XDesktop xDesktop = (XDesktop) UnoRuntime.queryInterface( XDesktop.class, oDesktop); 接下来我们需要加载目标Doc文档:
// Load the Document String workingDir = "C:/projects/"; String myTemplate = "letterTemplate.doc"; if (!new File(workingDir + myTemplate).canRead()) { throw new RuntimeException("Cannot load template:" + new File(workingDir + myTemplate)); } XComponentLoader xCompLoader = (XComponentLoader) UnoRuntime .queryInterface(com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader.class, xDesktop); String sUrl = "file:///" + workingDir + myTemplate; PropertyValue[] propertyValues = new PropertyValue[0]; propertyValues = new PropertyValue[1]; propertyValues[0] = new PropertyValue(); propertyValues[0].Name = "Hidden"; propertyValues[0].Value = new Boolean(true); XComponent xComp = xCompLoader.loadComponentFromURL( sUrl, "_blank", 0, propertyValues); 
然后我们可以使用如下方式对内容进行替换:
// Search and replace XReplaceDescriptor xReplaceDescr = null; XReplaceable xReplaceable = null; XTextDocument xTextDocument = (XTextDocument) UnoRuntime .queryInterface(XTextDocument.class, xComp); xReplaceable = (XReplaceable) UnoRuntime .queryInterface(XReplaceable.class, xTextDocument); xReplaceDescr = (XReplaceDescriptor) xReplaceable .createReplaceDescriptor(); // mail merge the date xReplaceDescr.setSearchString("<date>"); xReplaceDescr.setReplaceString(new Date().toString()); xReplaceable.replaceAll(xReplaceDescr); // mail merge the addressee xReplaceDescr.setSearchString("<addressee>"); xReplaceDescr.setReplaceString("Best Friend"); xReplaceable.replaceAll(xReplaceDescr); // mail merge the signatory xReplaceDescr.setSearchString("<signatory>"); xReplaceDescr.setReplaceString("Your New Boss"); xReplaceable.replaceAll(xReplaceDescr); 然后可以输出到PDF中:
// save as a PDF XStorable xStorable = (XStorable) UnoRuntime .queryInterface(XStorable.class, xComp); propertyValues = new PropertyValue[2]; propertyValues[0] = new PropertyValue(); propertyValues[0].Name = "Overwrite"; propertyValues[0].Value = new Boolean(true); propertyValues[1] = new PropertyValue(); propertyValues[1].Name = "FilterName"; propertyValues[1].Value = "writer_pdf_Export"; // Appending the favoured extension to the origin document name String myResult = workingDir + "letterOutput.pdf"; xStorable.storeToURL("file:///" + myResult, propertyValues); System.out.println("Saved " + myResult); 
xdocreport
本文的核心代码如下，完整代码查看这里:
/** * @param inpuFile 输入的文件流 * @param outFile 输出的文件对象 * @return * @function 利用Apache POI从输入的文件中生成PDF文件 */ @SneakyThrows public static void convertWithPOI(InputStream inpuFile, File outFile) { //从输入的文件流创建对象 XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(inpuFile); //创建PDF选项 PdfOptions pdfOptions = PdfOptions.create();//.fontEncoding("windows-1250") //为输出文件创建目录 outFile.getParentFile().mkdirs(); //执行PDF转化 PdfConverter.getInstance().convert(document, new FileOutputStream(outFile), pdfOptions); } /** * @param inpuFile * @param outFile * @param renderParams * @function 先将渲染参数填入模板DOCX文件然后生成PDF */ @SneakyThrows public static void convertFromTemplateWithFreemarker(InputStream inpuFile, File outFile, Map<String, Object> renderParams) { //创建Report实例 IXDocReport report = XDocReportRegistry.getRegistry().loadReport( inpuFile, TemplateEngineKind.Freemarker); //创建上下文 IContext context = report.createContext(); //填入渲染参数 renderParams.forEach((s, o) -> { context.put(s, o); }); //创建输出流 outFile.getParentFile().mkdirs(); //创建转化参数 Options options = Options.getTo(ConverterTypeTo.PDF).via( ConverterTypeVia.XWPF); //执行转化过程 report.convert(context, options, new FileOutputStream(outFile)); } 源码库